Thursday, March 5, 2015

Contemporary Urban Design Theories
5 March 2015



Can one design an authentic place?   According to Seamon and Sowers (Place and Placelessness) Edward Relph believed that it was necessary to understand how people experience space – their feelings towards certain places and the meaning places have for them - in order to fix existing places no longer functioning well or to make new places that are successful.  His seven modes of insideness and outsideness give a way to describe these intangible experiences because it is necessary to be able to describe them in order to know how to develop places that foster insideness rather than outsideness . 

He also looked at ways a place is experienced authentically vs. inauthentically, genuinely vs. fashionably expected trend.  For example:  Why are these people running along the Portland Waterfront?  

(image Jenette Danes)


Are they running because it is what they genuinely want to do to be healthy and enjoy doing it on the path along the river or are they doing it because it is trendy, expected by their peers, to be seen doing the popular thing in the popular place?  (Maybe a mix of both).   My hypothesis is that a place created unself-consciously by people will be authentic but a place created deliberately will usually start out inauthentic and will only become authentic over time as people use it and adapt it.  A place that is only trendy for a time, is not adaptable, or does not generate a good experience (outsideness) will fail over time unless it is repaired.

 Is The Village in Meridian a trendy or authentic experience?  It seems to me to be trendy – only time will tell if it will become authentic.  How about The Grove in downtown Boise or the Boise River Greenbelt?  These are popular places and have been around for long enough that many use them authentically.

Singapore presents a good example of a country facing the issue of losing authentic places to sterile placelessness.  During a 1960’s urban renewal phase to sanitize the environment through slum clearing resulted in many of the traditional 2 and 3 story shophouses being replaced by the podium and tower model for banks, hotels, and shopping centers.

(image bruclass.com)




The lively pedestrian oriented streets were replaced by a car oriented business district.


                                                              (image google earth)
In the 1980’s the State began to realize that a significant part of the urban heritage and culture had been lost.  An effort to build a tourist economy through imitation reconstruction of historic streets and public spaces (inauthentic places) failed and resulted in a conservation effort to preserve the remaining historic urban fabric.  Many remaining shophouses have been renovated for reuse as small businesses, 
social venues, and housing.  Some streets have been closed to vehicle traffic and life has been restored to these streets.


                                                              (image smh.com.au)
The government supports the conservation efforts to preserve the city’s unique character because it helps to promote a sense of national identity (sense of place) and it is an economic driver, attracting residents, tourists, businesses, and investors.  But, because of limited land (Singapore is an island), a growing population, and an agenda of aggressive economic growth there is a constant struggle to balance the needs of space for business, industry, and housing with the need to preserve the remaining cultural and natural spaces.  The authentic places are rapidly being lost to placelessness.  (Singapore, case study by Jenette Danes)





1 comment:

  1. I have economist friends who travel the world. They have been studying where social forms of government are morphing, being adapted. Much of our conversations have considered where former communist societies are going, changing as capitalism is slowly being embraced. In other parts of the world, `democracies' have morphed into heavily controlled, managed oligarchies. These countries shall find their governmental forms change as well. When you write about Singapore, I have always wondered if Chinese, Vietnamese styles of government shall merge into similar social models. Then our concept of western designers kicks into place, and I wonder how a heavily social society can accomplish the vibrancy and sense of personal place which is needed in heavily populated corners of het world, such as Singapore ?
    Thanks for your post,
    ken

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